Discuss the causes and nature of Jamatia movement ?
The Jamatia Rebellion took place in 1863 AD.
Jamatiya Kara A powerful community of the Tipra tribe lived in groups in ancient times and served as soldiers in the army of Tripureshwar and were called Jamatiyas. They were the main part of Tripura's army. In times of war they worked as soldiers but in times of peace they were engaged in agriculture.
Jamatia Rebellion 1862 AD After the death of Ishanchandra Manikya, his brother Virachandra ascended the throne of Tripura. Even after Birchandra Manikya came to power, the dynasty filed several cases in court regarding the succession to the throne. One of the claimants was Birchandra Manikya's brother Nilakrishna and Chakradhvaja. Meanwhile, the harsh rule of Guru Bipin Bihari Goswami, who was the ruler during the reign of Ishanchandra Manikya, continued. But suddenly Maharaja Birchandra Manikya caught his eye. With his imprisonment, the interest groups of the royal family regained power.
The reason for the rebellion was the arrest of Guru Bipin Bihari Goswami, and the vested interest groups of the royal family started their conspiracy. At the instigation of Birchandra Manikya's opponents, Tagore people, especially Nilakrishna Tagore, the Jamatias had stopped paying taxes. So Maharaja Birchandra Manikya sent Wakhiray Hazari, the Misip or representative of the Jamatiyas to the royal court, to investigate the matter in the Jamatiya region.
In Wakhira, Hazari and his companions settled a dispute between the jamatiyas over Taithong i.e. carrying the goods of government employees or people without pay. Jamatiya community. Taithong customs were not subject to such free carriage of goods. Exasperated by this dispute, the Wakhiras stopped the work related to the Hazari tax collection and came to the capital Agartala to inform the king that the jamatiyas were preparing to revolt by stopping the tax. Believing his words, Birchandra Manikya sent a group of soldiers to Jamatia village. Already a latent mentality of war was always present in the Jamatiyas. As a result, the angry Jamatiyas engaged in a skirmish with the royal forces.
Mutiny Fed up with the Wakhirai's tyranny, the Jamatiyas united under the leadership of their Sardar Parikshit and declared a mutiny. Apart from stopping the payment of tribute, they attacked the royal palace of Udaipur. At that time Birchandra Manikya was staying in Udaipur on special work. Embarrassed by the sudden attack, the king left Udaipur and sent a contingent of troops from Agartala to Udaipur to quell the rebellion. But the royal forces failed to arrest Parikshit and suppress the rebellion. After this dismal failure, Maharaja Darlong turned to the Kukis to quell the rebellion.
Suppression of the Mutiny A group of Kuki soldiers under two Kuki chieftains named Murchai and Hapui were sent to suppress the rebellion. About 600 Kuki troops surrounded the Jamatia revolted villages surrounding Udaipur. 200 Jamatiya rebels lost their lives in fierce fighting on both sides. The rebel Parikshit was arrested. It is said that the Kukis cut 200 maunds of the rebel Jamatias and brought them to Agartala impaled with spears as a memento of the victory, and the severed maunds were hung on trees to instill fear in the public.
When the revolt subsided, Maharaja Birchandra Manikya learned that the Jamatiya revolt was not actually against the king, but against the tyranny of the corrupt officials and chieftains appointed by the king, especially the Wakhirai. In the end Maharaja pardoned Parikshit and released him and the other prisoners by initiating them into Vaishnavism.
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